Katarzyna Pałczyńska-Guguła, Halyna Tkachenko, Natalia Kurhaluk
ABSTRACT. The aim of our study was to analyze the content of elements (concentrations of the trace elements manganese, copper, zinc, iron, and of the macronutrients calcium and magnesium), oxidative stress biomarkers (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, aldehyde and ketone derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins), and biochemical indices (activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate and pyruvate levels) in the muscle tissue of juvenile sea trout from the drainage basin of the Słupia River (Glaźna, Skotawa, Kamienna, Kwacza) in 2009-2011. The highest concentration of manganese, copper, and iron in the muscle tissue of smolts was observed in 2011, while those of zinc, calcium, and magnesium were noted in 2010. High concentrations of elements with variable valence can induce prooxidative changes and increase the level of oxidative stress in muscle tissues. The level of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the muscle tissue of sea trout smolts remained at a similar level throughout the 2009-2011 period. The highest levels of both aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins in the muscle tissue of sea trout smolts were obtained in 2009, while in 2010 a downward trend was recorded, and in 2011 re-growth was noted, which may indicate a certain degree of pollution of the fish habitat in 2011. The activity of alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST) throughout the 2009-2010 period was at a similar level. In 2011, a decrease of alanine aminotransferase was noted, while aspartate aminotransferase activity was increased. Statistically significant changes in ALT and AST activity were demonstrated in 2009 and 2011 as well as 2010 and 2011. The highest lactate dehydrogenase activity in the muscle tissue of brown trout was observed in 2010, while in 2009 and 2011 it was at a similar level. High levels of lipid peroxidation biomarkers, ketone and aldehyde derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins, in the muscle tissue of brown trout smolts could indicate a certain degree of pollution in the fish habitat, especially in 2011.
Keywords: sea trout, Słupia basin, bioaccumulation of elements, oxidative stress
Przyjęto po recenzji 03.12.2015 r.